http://soc.tenwekhospitalcollege.ac.ke:8181/jspui/handle/tenwek/6 SOHS 2026-02-04T05:23:11Z http://soc.tenwekhospitalcollege.ac.ke:8181/jspui/handle/tenwek/15 Title: LEADERSHIP OR MANAGEMENT: Authors: Anderson, Andrew Abstract: This thesis is an ethnographic study over an 8 year period of the leadership and management strategies involved in school improvement. The study takes place in a residential special school for pupils with BESD. The research specifically explored whether it is possible to distinguish between leadership and management activities, explores the role of the head teacher in relation to leadership and management and looks at change management against the context of school improvement. The methodology involves the interrogation of key documents covering the period from central government, local government agencies and documents produced by the School. There is a focus on identifying specific leadership approaches, matching actions to the National Standards for Head Teachers, matching change management actions to models defined by the Audit Commission. Use is made of document analysis methodologies in particular verb use to explore these matches. Findings suggest that the concept of leadership has been exploited commercially, and that leadership is defined by what an individual perceives it to be. That there is lack of clarity within central government about leadership in terms of its role and in education it has been used politically as opposed to practically. That models of leadership and management could not be clearly identified from the documents analysed. That it was not possible to identify many leadership actions through verb analysis. That verb analysis predominately identified administrative and management based actions. The findings suggest that head teachers should be able to model leadership strategies which are responsive to changing circumstances. That for change to be effective, the process needs to be considered, manageable, incremental, meaningful and owned. That Ofsted needs to measure the effectiveness of school leadership and management from an outcome based perspective which is derived from the National Standards for Head Teachers. The thesis provides a rational from which head teachers faced with leading a failing school can measure their thinking. 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://soc.tenwekhospitalcollege.ac.ke:8181/jspui/handle/tenwek/14 Title: ASSESSMENT OF HIV/AIDS WORKPLACE POLICY ADOPTION IN FACTORIES IN MACHAKOS COUNTY, KENYA Authors: KALITI, JACINTA MUTHEU Abstract: HIV/AIDs pandemic poses a significant obstacle to the attainment of decent work and sustainable development. Its effects are concentrated among the most productive age groups imposing huge costs on enterprises through falling productivity, increased labour costs and the loss of skills and experience. Despite ILO recognizing adoption of HIV/AIDs workplace policy as the initial practical step towards addressing HIV/AIDs pandemic and its effect at the work place, many companies are yet to adopt the HIV/AIDs workplace policy as a guiding document in recognizing and addressing HIV/AIDs as a workplace issue. Therefore, the broad objective of the study was to assess adoption of HIV/AIDs workplace policy among factories in Machakos County, Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional study design incorporating use of pre-tested questionnaires, key informant guides, focus group discussion guide and observation checklist for collecting data. A stratified sampling technique was used to sample a total of 386 respondents while purposive sampling was used to select 22 key informants who participated in the study. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to analyze quantitative data with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Qualitative data was thematically analyzed using Nvivo software. Findings of the study indicated that only 39% of the factories had adopted HIV/AIDs workplace policy. On policy awareness, 70% of the respondents were aware of the policy. Out of these, 53% of the respondents had a moderate policy content awareness level and above. In regards to work-related factors, stigmatization (p=0.001) staff involvement (p=0.021), employer commitment (p=0.012), workers union activism (P=0.002) and government support (0.037) influenced adoption of the HIV/AIDs workplace policy in the factories. The main challenges facing adoption of the policy were poor enforcement of policies, lack of employer commitment, government support and employee involvement. In conclusion, there is low level of HIV/AIDs adoption in the factories due to poor enforcement of policies, low awareness of employees on the ILO recommendation in regards to HIV/AIDs workplace policy and lack of sufficient stakeholder support and commitment in developing, implementing and sustaining gains of the policy at the workplace. The study recommends enforcement of adoption of HIV/AIDs workplace policies by the factory management. The study identifies need for close supervision by government agencies, provision of regular sensitization/awareness seminars, trainings and sharing of relevant information on the policy and adequate staff involvv 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z